The cognitive bias that can be observed when people with beginning-level competencies tend to overestimate their own abilities. The effect, documented by and named after psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger, is explained by the fact that at this level of understanding and competence, one has not yet learned to recognize the limits of one’s own competencies. Knowing the limits of one’s intelligence requires a certain level of intelligence.
Primary origin: David Dunning; Justin Kruger